What is the difference between long and int in C++?

In C++, long and int are separate integer types.

1. Size: an int is typically 4 bytes, while a long is usually 8 bytes. This means that a long type can represent a larger range of integers than an int.
2. The range of int values is from -2147483648 to 2147483647, while the range of long values is from -9223372036854775808 to 9223372036854775807.
3. Storage Space: Due to long types using more bytes, they can store larger integer values. If one needs to work with integer values larger than the range of int, long can be used.
4. Operators: When performing arithmetic operations, int and long types can directly interact with each other, but one must be cautious of overflow issues. When using int and long for calculations, overflow situations may occur, so it is important to pay attention to whether the results exceed the range of the type.

In short, the main difference of the long type is its larger range of values, requiring more storage space and able to handle larger integers than int. When choosing between int and long, it should be based on specific requirements and data ranges.