What are the use cases of abstract classes and interfac…

Abstract classes and interfaces are two commonly used mechanisms in object-oriented programming, with the following use cases:

1. When to use abstract classes:

1. When multiple classes share similar attributes and methods, these common parts can be extracted into an abstract class, reducing code duplication.
2. Abstract classes can be inherited, subclasses can inherit abstract classes, and complete specific functions by implementing the abstract methods in the abstract class.

1. Scenarios for using the interface:

1. When a class needs to implement multiple unrelated functionalities, interfaces can be used to define the specifications of these functionalities, and a class can implement multiple interfaces.
2. Interfaces can be used to establish loose coupling between classes, allowing for interaction based on the standards defined by the interface, thus increasing code flexibility and maintainability.
3. The interface can be implemented by multiple classes, allowing for polymorphism, thus providing more flexibility and scalability.

In summary, abstract classes are suitable for classes that share similar attributes and methods, while interfaces are suitable for implementing multiple unrelated functions or scenarios that require polymorphism.