How to use RAISERROR in SQL Server

In SQL Server, the RAISERROR function is used to raise user-defined error messages in stored procedures, triggers, or functions. It has the following syntax:

RAISERROR ({msg_id | msg_str }  
    { ,severity ,state }  
    [ ,argument [ ,...n ] ] )  
    [ WITH option [ ,...n ] ]

The parameters are as follows: – msg_id: specifies the message ID of the error message. This can be a pre-defined message ID or a user-defined error message string. – msg_str: specifies a user-defined error message string. – severity: specifies the severity level of the error, which is an integer between 1 and 25, where 1-10 are considered informational messages, 11-16 are warning messages, and 17-25 are severe error messages. – state: specifies the state code of the error, which is an integer between 0 and 255. – argument: specifies one or more replacement parameters that can be used in the error message. The number of parameters depends on the number of placeholders in the error message. – option: specifies additional options, such as formatting options for the FORMATMESSAGE function. Below are some examples of using the RAISERROR function: 1. Raise a user-defined error message.

RAISERROR('This is a user-defined error message', 16, 1)

Generate an error message with a predefined message ID.

RAISERROR(50001, 16, 1)

Trigger an error message with parameters.

DECLARE @param INT = 10;
RAISERROR('The parameter value is %d', 16, 1, @param)

The error messages in the above example can be caught and handled by the application or client program.