Go Channels and Mutexes Tutorial

Channels and mutexes in Golang are two important tools for concurrent programming, and below are the respective methods of using them.

1. Use channel:

1. Create a channel: Make use of the make function to create a channel. For example: ch := make(chan int)
2. Send data to a channel: Use the <- operator to send data to a channel. For example: ch <- 10.
3. Receive data from a channel: use the <- operator to receive data from a channel. For example: x := <-ch
4. Close channel: Use the close function to close the channel. For example: close(ch)
5. Blocking and non-blocking operations: By default, channels are blocking. Non-blocking operations can be achieved using a select statement. For example:

select {
    case x := <-ch:
        // 接收到数据
    case ch <- 10:
        // 发送数据成功
    default:
        // 没有数据可接收或发送
}

1. Use a mutex.

1. Create a mutex: Use the Mutex type from the sync package to create a mutex. For example: var mu sync.Mutex.
2. Locking and unlocking: Lock using the Lock method and unlock using the Unlock method. For example:

mu.Lock()
// 临界区代码
mu.Unlock()

1. Order of locking and unlocking: When using a mutex, it is important to operate in the order of locking and unlocking to prevent deadlock situations.

It should be noted that channels and mutexes are used in different concurrency scenarios. Channels are mainly used for communication between goroutines, while mutexes are mainly used to protect access to shared resources. When using them, it is important to choose the appropriate tool based on specific needs.