How to resolve the issue of an infinite loop in unordered_map in C++?

In C++, the issue of a deadlock in unordered_map may be caused by hash collisions. Hash collisions refer to different keys being mapped to the same hash bucket, resulting in a very long traversal of the bucket’s linked list or red-black tree, which can lead to a deadlock.

To solve the issue of an infinite loop in unordered_map, you can try the following methods:

1. Adjusting the hash function: you can try defining your own hash function to ensure that different key values are evenly distributed to different buckets, thus reducing the likelihood of hash collisions.
2. Resize the container: If the load factor of the unordered_map is too high, it will also increase the probability of hash conflicts. You can adjust the max_load_factor() function to change the load factor, which has a default value of 1.0. By decreasing this value appropriately, you can reduce the load factor and minimize the occurrence of hash conflicts.
3. Use the member function reserve() of the unordered_map to preallocate the number of buckets, thus avoiding hash collisions. The number of buckets can be properly set according to the actual size of the data.
4. Verify that the hash function for key types is correctly implemented, ensuring that it properly and evenly distributes keys into different hash buckets.

If the above methods do not solve the problem, it may be necessary to debug the specific code, identify the exact cause of the infinite loop, and make the necessary repairs.