How to implement smart pointers in C++?

In C++, you can utilize std::shared_ptr and std::unique_ptr to implement smart pointers. Both of these smart pointer classes are defined in the header file.

1. Using std::shared_ptr:
   std::shared_ptr is a reference-counted smart pointer that allows sharing the same object in different places. The object will be automatically destroyed when the last std::shared_ptr goes out of scope.
2. Example code:
3. I am including the memory library and creating a shared pointer to an integer in the main function. I am initializing the pointer with the value 5, then changing it to 10. Finally, I am printing out the value of the pointer before returning 0.
4. Using std::unique_ptr:
   std::unique_ptr is a smart pointer that ensures exclusive ownership, guaranteeing that only one pointer can point to the object. When the std::unique_ptr goes out of scope, the object will be automatically destroyed.
5. Example Code:
6. Include the memory library, declare an integer pointer variable called ptr, create a unique pointer to an integer with the value 5, change the value pointed to by ptr to 10, output the value pointed to by ptr, and return 0.

These smart pointer classes can automatically handle memory management, eliminating the need for manual resource release and effectively avoiding issues such as memory leaks.