How to handle opening too many files in Linux?

If there are too many files open in Linux, there are several ways to handle it:

1. the configuration file for security limits in Linux
2. gentle refusal
3. no hard limit on file size

* soft nofile 4096
* hard nofile 65535

You will need to log in again or restart the system for the changes to take effect.

1. Close unnecessary file descriptors: You can check the current list of open files using the lsof command and then close any unnecessary file descriptors. For example, use lsof | grep deleted to find files that have been deleted but are still open, and then use the kill command to close the corresponding process.
2. Optimize the program code: If a program is causing excessive file openings, one solution is to optimize the code to reduce the number of times files are opened and closed. For example, you can cache frequently accessed files in memory to reduce the number of file reads.
3. Reusing file descriptors: One option is to use file descriptor reuse mechanisms, such as the select or epoll functions, in order to reduce the number of file descriptors.
4. Adjusting the kernel parameters can increase the maximum number of file descriptors for the system. For example, you can modify the value of the /proc/sys/fs/file-max file and then reload the configuration using the sysctl -p command.
5. Increase system resources: If the above methods are unable to solve the problem, you may consider increasing system resources, such as adding more memory, CPU, etc., to enhance the system’s processing capability.