How to build a fully distributed Hadoop cluster?

2 years ago
Olivia Parker
3 minutes

Setting up a fully distributed Hadoop cluster requires the following steps:

  1. Purchase or prepare multiple servers: You will need at least three servers, one to serve as the main node (NameNode), and the other two as secondary nodes (DataNodes).
  2. To install Java: Hadoop is written in Java, so it is necessary to install the Java runtime environment on all servers.
  3. Set up passwordless SSH login: To facilitate communication between cluster nodes, it is necessary to set up passwordless SSH login. You can use the ssh-keygen command to generate a pair of public and private keys, and distribute the public key to other nodes.
  4. Download Hadoop: Download the latest version of Hadoop from the official website and unpack it on all servers.
  5. Set up Hadoop environment variables by editing the .bashrc file on each server to include the bin and sbin directories of Hadoop in the PATH variable.
  6. Configure Hadoop core files: Edit the hadoop-env.sh file on the master node to set the JAVA_HOME environment variable. Edit the core-site.xml file on all nodes to configure Hadoop core parameters, such as the default URI for the HDFS file system and data storage path.
  7. Set up the Hadoop HDFS file system: Edit the hdfs-site.xml file on the master node to configure HDFS parameters such as replication factor and block size. Edit the hdfs-site.xml file on the slave node to configure the data directory.
  8. Set up Hadoop YARN: Modify the yarn-site.xml file on the master node to specify the YARN parameters such as the resource manager’s address and port. Edit the yarn-site.xml file on the slave nodes to configure the node manager’s address.
  9. Setting up Hadoop MapReduce involves editing the mapred-site.xml file on the master node to configure MapReduce parameters, such as the job history server address and port. On the slave nodes, edit the mapred-site.xml file to configure the task tracker address.
  10. Start the Hadoop cluster by first running the command “hadoop namenode -format” on the master node to initialize the HDFS file system. Then, run the command “start-dfs.sh” on the master node to start HDFS, and on the slave nodes to start the data nodes. Finally, run the command “start-yarn.sh” on the master node to start YARN.
  11. Validating the Hadoop cluster: you can use the command “jps” to view the running processes on all nodes, ensuring that all components of Hadoop are running correctly. Additionally, you can use Hadoop’s built-in sample programs to run some MapReduce jobs to verify the functionality and performance of the cluster.

The above are the basic steps to set up a fully distributed Hadoop cluster. Specific configurations and commands may vary depending on the version of Hadoop, so you can refer to the official documentation or related tutorials for detailed configuration and adjustments.

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