How can one determine if a successful login has been made on an Android device?

To determine if an Android application has logged in successfully, you can use the following methods:

1. Use SharedPreferences: After a successful login, save the login status in SharedPreferences. When needed to check the login status, read the stored status from SharedPreferences for validation.
2. Database Usage: After a successful login, store the login status in the database. When needing to check the login status, query the database to make the determination.
3. Utilize global variables: After successful login, save the login status in a global variable. When needing to check the login status, simply access the global variable for verification.
4. Utilize a network request to retrieve the login outcome: Evaluate the login result based on the response from the login request, indicating a successful login if successful.

Choose the appropriate method to determine the success of the login based on the specific application scenario and requirements.