Ubuntu File Permissions: chmod Guide
In Ubuntu, you can use the chmod command to change the permissions of a file or directory. Here are some common permission change operations:
- Change the owner permissions for the file.
sudo chmod u+rwx filename
This will allow the owner of the file to read, write, and execute it.
- Change the group permissions of the file.
sudo chmod g+rwx filename
This will allow the file’s group to read, write, and execute the file.
- Change permissions for other users:
sudo chmod o+rwx filename
This will allow other users to read, write, and execute the file.
- Simultaneously modify the permissions of all users.
sudo chmod a+rwx filename
This will allow all users to read, write, and execute the file.
You can also use numeric notation to change file permissions. In this system, r=4, w=2, x=1, and – indicates no permission. For example, setting the file owner’s permissions to read, write, and execute, the group permissions to read and execute, and other user permissions to read-only can be represented as:
sudo chmod 751 filename
Please remember to be careful when changing file permissions to avoid causing system instability or file loss.
