What are the methods for configuring and optimizing PHP FPM?

Here are some common methods for configuring and optimizing PHP-FPM.

1. Adjusting the number of processes: PHP-FPM handles requests through process pools, and the number of processes can be controlled by adjusting the pm.max_children parameter. The most suitable number should be determined according to the server’s hardware configuration and workload.
2. Process management options: one can choose between different ways to manage processes such as static, dynamic, or on-demand. Static is the simplest method where each process remains constantly active; dynamic creates and terminates processes based on the number of requests; on-demand creates and terminates processes based on the frequency of requests.
3. Adjust the request timeout: You can adjust the timeout of a request by setting the request_terminate_timeout parameter. If the processing time of a request exceeds this value, PHP-FPM will forcibly terminate the request.
4. Adjusting memory limit: You can limit the memory usage of each process by adjusting the pm.max_children and pm.max_requests parameters. If a process exceeds the memory limit, PHP-FPM will automatically restart the process.
5. Cache configuration: PHP’s OPcache can be used to cache the compiled results of PHP scripts, reducing the processing time for each request. The cache size and maximum number of files can be set by adjusting the opcache.memory_consumption and opcache.max_accelerated_files parameters.
6. Adjusting log level: You can control the logging level of PHP-FPM by adjusting the log_level parameter. Lower log levels can reduce IO overhead and disk space usage.
7. Control Panel: You can use control panel tools to simplify the configuration and management of PHP-FPM. These tools can offer a visual interface for setting parameters and monitoring the server’s performance.
8. Scheduled Reboots: You can periodically restart the PHP-FPM process to free up memory and clean up its state. This can be automated using a scheduling tool to execute the reboot operation.

These methods are just some common configurations and optimization techniques, the specific adjustments should be determined based on actual circumstances. It is recommended to first conduct performance testing and monitoring before optimizing, then gradually adjust parameters and observe changes in performance.