What is a C language program composed of?
A C language program is composed of the following parts:
- Preprocessor directives: Instructions that start with the “#” symbol and are used to preprocess source code, such as including header files, defining macros, etc.
- Functions consist of a function header and a function body, and are used to encapsulate a segment of code that can be reused.
- Variables: Containers used to store data, each variable has a type and a name, allowing you to access and manipulate its value using the name.
- Statements refer to lines of code that perform specific operations, such as assignment statements, conditional statements, loop statements, etc.
- Comments: Used to add explanations and annotations to code, the compiler will ignore the comments section.
- Identifiers: Names used to identify variables, functions, types, etc., consisting of letters, numbers, and underscores, and must start with a letter or underscore.
- Operators: They are used to perform various mathematical and logical operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, assignments, comparisons, etc.
- Control structures are used to manage the flow of a program’s execution, such as conditional statements (if-else) and loop statements (for, while).
- Data Types: These define the type of data a variable can hold, such as integer, float, or character.
- Header files: files that contain function declarations, macro definitions, and other content, which can be included in a program using the #include directive.
- Source files: Files containing actual C code, typically ending with the extension “.c”.
- Compiler: A tool that translates source code into executable files, converting C language programs into machine code.
All these components together form a complete C language program.