What is the principle of pre-partitioning in HBase?

The principle of HBase pre-partitioning is to partition data based on the hash value of the RowKey, distributing data evenly across different regions.

HBase uses an algorithm called “consistent hashing” to achieve pre-partitioning. This algorithm divides the hash space into a series of consecutive regions, with each region corresponding to a partition. First, the region to which the data belongs is determined based on the hash value of the RowKey. Then, according to a predefined partitioning strategy, the hash value is mapped to a specific partition. Finally, the data is stored in the corresponding partition.

By pre-sharding, data can be evenly distributed among different partitions to achieve load balancing. Additionally, pre-sharding can also improve query efficiency. Since data is stored dispersed across multiple partitions, queries can concurrently read data from multiple partitions, enhancing query performance.

Additionally, HBase also offers automatic partitioning, which adjusts the number and size of partitions dynamically based on data input, to ensure data balance and prevent any partition from having too much or too little data.