How do you use bitwise operators in the C language?

In the C programming language, bitwise operators are used to manipulate binary digits. Here are the commonly used bitwise operators in C and how they are used:

1. The bitwise operator (&): performs an AND operation on the corresponding binary bits of two operands, resulting in 1 only if both bits are 1, otherwise the result is 0.
   For example: a & b
2. Bitwise OR operator (|): performs a bitwise OR operation on the corresponding binary digits of two operands, resulting in 1 if at least one of the corresponding bits is 1.
   Example: a | b
3. The bitwise XOR operator (^) performs an XOR operation on the corresponding binary bits of two operands. If the corresponding bits are different, the result bit is 1; otherwise, it is 0. For example: a ^ b
4. Left shift operator (<<): Moves the binary digits of one operand to the left by a specified number of positions, filling in zeroes on the right side. Example: a << b
5. Shift operator (>>): Moves the binary digits of one operand to the right by a specified number of bits, filling the leftmost positions with the original highest bit (for unsigned numbers) or the sign bit (for signed numbers). For example: a >> b.
6. Bitwise NOT operator (~): inverts the binary bits of the operand, changing 0 to 1 and 1 to 0. For example: ~a

These bitwise operators can be used for integer types (both signed and unsigned integers) as well as character types. It is important to consider the range of data types and the impact of the sign bit when using bitwise operators.