How to resolve the issue of circular dependencies in Java loops?

In Java, the issue of circular dependencies typically arises when classes refer to each other. To solve this problem, several methods can be considered:

1. Restructure the code: examine the relationships between classes with circular dependencies, attempt to reorganize the structure of classes, and eliminate circular dependencies.
2. Utilize interfaces or abstract classes: abstract one class from a circular dependency and make it an interface or abstract class, then have other classes depend on this interface or abstract class instead of the concrete class.
3. Using lazy initialization: When there is a circular dependency between classes, it can be resolved by lazily initializing the class only when it is needed.
4. Using a dependency injection framework: Dependency injection frameworks like Spring can help tackle circular dependency issues. By declaring dependency relationships between classes using annotations, the framework will dynamically resolve circular dependencies at runtime.
5. Using the mediator pattern: This design pattern can be used to solve the issue of circular dependencies. In the mediator pattern, classes communicate with each other through a mediator, rather than directly referencing each other.

The appropriate solution can be chosen based on the specific situation.