How to optimize the configuration of Linux system kernel parameters?
Optimizing Linux kernel parameters can improve the performance and stability of the system. Here are some common optimization parameter configurations:
- Optimization of file systems and disk schedulers.
- Modify the maximum file descriptor limit (fs.file-max) and the number of open files (fs.nr_open) in the file system.
- Set the disk scheduler (block) to either noop or deadline.
- Adjust the inode cache size of the file system (vm.vfs_cache_pressure).
- Memory management optimization:
- Adjust the configuration of page swapping, such as reducing the size of the swap partition (vm.swappiness).
- Increase the size of memory cache (vm.vfs_cache_pressure).
- Increase the maximum limit of kernel memory (vm.max_map_count).
- Web optimization
- Adjust the maximum number of network connections (net.core.somaxconn).
- Increase the size of the network buffer (net.core.rmem_default, net.core.wmem_default, net.core.rmem_max, net.core.wmem_max).
- Optimizing file system and file read/write performance.
- Specify the buffer size for reading and writing in the file system (blockdev.io_opt, blockdev.scsi_timeout, blockdev.scsi_max_resid_size).
- Change the log mode of the file system (ext4).
- Optimization of CPU scheduler:
- Set the CPU scheduler (sched) to either noop or deadline.
- Adjust the relevant parameters of CPU scheduling strategy (sched).
- Optimization of the network protocol stack:
- Modify the parameters of the TCP/IP protocol stack (net.ipv4.tcp_*).
- Adjust the timeout period for network connections (net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time).
- Other optimizations:
- Disable unnecessary services and modules.
- Adjusting the ulimit and sysctl parameters of the system.
- Set up firewall and network security settings.
Please note that before modifying kernel parameter configurations, it is important to back up the original configuration file and proceed with caution to prevent system instability or unavailability. It is also recommended to adjust based on specific hardware and application scenarios, and conduct performance testing and monitoring.
