How to reboot and shut down the Linux system?

In a Linux system, the following commands can be used to restart and shut down:

1. Restart the system.
2. To use the reboot command: either type “sudo reboot” or simply “reboot”.
3. To use the shutdown command: either type “sudo shutdown -r now” or “sudo shutdown -r +1” (restart in 1 minute).
4. Shut down system:
5. To shut down the system using the shutdown command: sudo shutdown -h now or sudo shutdown -h +1 (shutdown in 1 minute).
6. Execute the command “sudo halt”
7. Shut down the system using the poweroff command: sudo poweroff.

Please make sure you have the appropriate permissions before using these commands.