What is the purpose of the lower function in Python?

In Python, the lower() function is a built-in method for string objects that converts all uppercase letters in a string to lowercase. It returns a new string with all uppercase letters converted to their corresponding lowercase letters.

Here is an example:

string = "HELLO"
lower_string = string.lower()
print(lower_string)  # 输出: hello

In this example, the lower() function converts the string “HELLO” to “hello” and stores it in the lower_string variable.

There are many uses for the lower() function, such as converting two strings to lowercase before comparing them to avoid issues with case sensitivity. Additionally, it can be used for normalizing user input, handling text data, and other purposes.