What is the mechanism of function overloading in Python…

There is no true function overloading mechanism in Python. In other programming languages, function overloading refers to defining multiple functions with the same name but different parameter types or numbers in the same scope, based on the incoming parameters to call the corresponding function.

In Python, function overloading can be achieved by using default parameter values and variable arguments. For instance, a function can be defined with default parameters to perform different actions based on the input parameters. Additionally, variable arguments (*args or **kwargs) can be used to accept different numbers of arguments.

Here is an example:

def my_function(param1, param2=None):
    if param2 is None:
        # 执行一些操作
        pass
    else:
        # 执行不同的操作
        pass

my_function(1)  # 调用函数并传入一个参数
my_function(1, 2)  # 调用函数并传入两个参数

In the example above, the function my_function utilizes a default parameter param2=None, allowing it to perform the first operation when only one parameter is passed and the second operation when two parameters are passed. This achieves a similar effect to function overloading.

It should be noted that function overloading in Python is not true polymorphism because it is based on the parameter type or number to determine which function to call, rather than the object’s type.