GDB Debugging in Linux: Complete Guide

In Linux, you can debug with GDB using the following methods:

1. Add debug information at compile time: When compiling source code, you can use the -g option to generate an executable file with debug information. For example, use gcc -g file.c -o file to compile the source code named file.c and generate an executable file named file.
2. Start the GDB debugger: Launch the GDB debugger by entering the gdb command in the terminal.
3. Specify the executable file for debugging: In the GDB debugger, use the file command to specify the executable file for debugging. For example, use file file to specify a executable file named file.
4. Set breakpoints: Use the break command to set a breakpoint at a specific location in the code. For example, use break main to set a breakpoint at the beginning of the main function.
5. Run a program: use the run command to run the program. When the program reaches a breakpoint, it will pause.
6. Perform debugging operations: Once the program pauses, you can use the following commands to carry out debugging operations.
7. Next: Execute the next line of code without entering the function call.
8. Step: Execute the next line of code and enter the function call.
9. Keep running the program until the next breakpoint or until the program finishes.
10. print: display the value of the variable.
11. backtrace: display the function call stack.
12. exit:
    Exit the GDB debugger.
13. Observing variables and memory: You can print the value of a variable using the print command, or view the contents of memory using the x command. For example, use print variable to print the value of a variable named variable, or use x/s address to view the string at the address address.
14. Debugging finished: After finishing debugging, you can use the quit command to exit the GDB debugger.

These are the basic methods for debugging using GDB. GDB also offers many other functions and commands that can be further learned and used as needed.